As pato is made in a singlestep process from inexpensive starting materials, it was expected to be a low cost heat resistant and impact insensitive explosive. Tnts most common use is that of an explosive material, with both military and some civilian applications. Explosive atmospheres occur when flammable gases, mist, vapors or dust mix with air. It also includes the mass of the tntequivalent of all contained energetic substances. An explosive is defined as a material chemical or nuclear that can be initiated to undergo very rapid, selfpropagating decomposition that results in the formation of more stable material, the. Residues of this were found on clothing, which along with a receipt for 2000 lbs. A series of smallscale interventions can have dramatic consequences for good or ill. Aside from the explosive nature discuss the health effects. It was the first explosive developed that was more powerful than black powder, nitroglycerin is a mix of nitric acid, sulphuric acid, and glycerol, and it is highly volatile. Available in all standard particle sizes, and specific ones on request, nto presents the advantages of high performance explosives, with lower vulnerability and enhanced thermal stability. Explosive properties of erythritol tetranitrate request pdf.
The initiation threshold, kinetic energy of flyer plate, versus explosive grain size shows that the threshold curve increases dramatically at grain size over 5. A espace industriel nord 35 rue andre durouchez cs 98017 80084 amiens cedex 2 france tel. Prior to their development, the density of most dynamites was about the same and was quite high. We, present and former members of the explosive ordnance disposal eod units of the armed forces of the united states, having met initially at waldorf, maryland, on 2324 april, 1988, and.
Nonexplosive release mechanism model name ultimate load source shock preloaded actuation circuit amps. Reporting explosives incidents business queensland. This will provide information on any areas away from the source of the hazard to which an explosive atmosphere may spread, for example through ducts. Sep 03, 2014 into an agreement and plan of merger the merger agreement dated august 28, 2014, pursuant to which, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, crmih will merge with and into nitro the merger, with nitro becoming a whollyowned subsidiary of core. Holston modernizes for current and new explosives article. Safety always comes first in every process in the handling of explosives. This liquid explosive is 22 to 24 percent more powerful than military t n. The high burning rate is useful for great impulse energetics, such as rocket motor applications boosters, etc. May 20, 2014 a small, easytouse and lightweight explosive screening kit continues to move forward toward full fielding as a means to provide soldiers with the. Explosive processing general dynamics ordnance and tactical.
March 19, 2020 ground broken for new explosive ordnance disposal facility march 9, 2020 army eod soldiers train with civilian counterparts at ravens challenge march 4, 2020 from blythe to bombs. An explosion occurs after a chemical reaction when a large amount of energy is created in a short space of time. Recordkeeping requirements for explosive permittees and limited permittees each fede ral explosives pe mittee or limited permittee must. Nitrotriazolone nto is a high explosive developed in the weapons program, first identified in 1905, but research into its explosive properties was not fully undertaken until the. Aside from the explosive nature, discuss the health effects associated with its component nitroglycerin. The special hazards in manufacture and use of these compositions result from the combination of both a high sensitivity and a strong explosive effect. Unlike other explosive materials, such as tnt or petn, etn is much easier to manufacture and has positive oxygen balance, which gives it a better performance. This energy comes in the form of heat and usually lots of gas. Work on this type of explosive can be performed in either our laboratory 2 us gallons or pilot plant 10 us gallons planetary type mixers and ancillary equipment to mix and cast pbx formulations under vacuum for conventional batch type processing as well as in a bicomponent processing equipment based on a. Merger driven explosive evolution of distant galaxies minor mergers article pdf available in astrophysical bulletin 684 september 20 with 28 reads how we measure reads.
It was a heat insensitive explosive, but also impact insensitive, requiring a hammer drop from higher than 320 centimeters to cause it to detonate. Nonexplosive concrete demolition aggregate technologies. Strength was changed in the different grades by varying the amount of explosives used. It is produced by oxidizing trinitrotoluene tnt with a solution of sodium hypochlorite. Jul 14, 2015 explosive percolation is a first step in thinking about control, according to dsouza, because it provides a means of manipulating the onset of longrange connectivity via smallscale interactions. Insensitive high explosives encyclopedia article citizendium. May 20, 2014 a small, easytouse and lightweight explosive screening kit continues to move forward toward. So you may provide the single incident report to 1 inspectorate, who will ensure its distributed within the safety and health division.
Such areas should be included in the classification system for places where explosive atmospheres may occur. Explosive percolation is a first step in thinking about control, according to dsouza, because it provides a means of manipulating the onset of longrange connectivity via smallscale interactions. Trinitrotoluene or tnt, or more specifically 2,4,6trinitrotoluene, is a chemical compound with the formula c 6 h 2 no 2 3 ch 3. Erythritol tetranitrate or etn is an explosive compound. Explosives detection kit ready to enter new acquisition phase. By tweaking the rules that govern when nodes connect, researchers can shape the networks properties.
Ignition of explosive atmospheres by mechanical equipment. Hence, explosive selection depends strongly on the target. This course satisfies mandatory certification training requirements for navymarine corps shore activity explosives safety officers esos as prescribed by dodi 5160. Explosion protection this brochure on explosion protection is designed to provide installation technicians, planners, and operators of systems with potentially explosive atmospheres with an understanding of the particular risks involved and to help them carry out their daytoday tasks.
Tatb triaminotrinitrobenzene or 1,3,5triamino2,4,6trinitrobenzene has, for its explosive yield, greater resistance to accidental detonation to heat and shock than any other single explosive in production. Maintain all records of receipt or disposition of surplus stock whether temporary or permanentin permanent form e. Erythritol tetranitrate etn is an ester of nitric acid and erythritol. This includes demolition projects, where the expert application of nonexplosive controlled demolition agents allow ati crews to break apart reinforced concrete and rock with utmost safety and precision while minimizing the noise, vibration.
The paper presents the safety characteristic data of some flash compositions thermal and mechanical sensitivity and sensitivity to dectonation shock. Nitroglycerin is a chemical explosive that was discovered by italian chemist ascanio sobrero in 1846. By jennifer ouellette networks grow as individual nodes connect to one another. Nitromethane liquid explosive a liquid explosive, that resembles water in appearance, can be made from nitromethane and aqueous ammonia household glass cleaner. Iec 60079 0 explosive atmospheres part 0 equipment general requirements. The amount of a substance needed to create an explosive atmosphere depends on the substance in question.
Nonexplosive separation nutrelease mechanism 16 mm thread nea electronics, inc. Pyrotechnic flash compositions krone 1990 propellants. Hexanitrostilbene hns, also called jdx, is an organic compound with the formula o 2 n 3 c 6 h 2 ch 2. The new laws of explosive networks researchers are uncovering the hidden laws that reveal how the internet grows, how viruses spread, and how financial bubbles burst. Pdf iec 60079 0 explosive atmospheres part 0 equipment. Explosives and explosive precursor identification thermo. Information regarding the physical and chemical properties of rdx is. The appleton, ozgedney, solahd, easyheat, nelson and emerson logos are registered in the. Finally, to come back to my first point, not all compounds containing a nitro group are explosive.
The net explosive quantity neq, also known as net explosive content nec or net explosive weight new, of a shipment of munitions, fireworks or similar products is the total mass of the contained explosive substances, without the packaging, casings, bullets etc. Grind it up and mix it with diesel and it becomes a lot more powerful. Cliff weapons systems division aeronautical and maritime research laboratory dstotr0796 abstract 3nitro1,2,4triazol5one nto is an explosive ingredient under investigation as a potential insensitive replacement for rdx in explosive formulations. Sunday th time start time end 800 820 820 840 840 900 900 920 920 940 940 1020 1020 1040 1040 1100 1100 1120 1120 1140 1140 1200 1200 1220 1220 1240 1240 0 0 20 20 40 40 1400 1400 1420 1420 1440 1440. It is a low melting crystalline solid with explosive properties similar to those of pentaerythritol tetranitrate. The initiation threshold sensitivity of hns explosive as a. Learn about the advanced technology, planning tools, and instruments available to first responders, firefighters, law enforcement, military, and government agencies to aid in the detection of radioactive materials and the identification of chemicals, narcotics, and explosive threats. The area where this possibility exists is defined as a potentially explosive atmosphere. Nitrotriazolone nto is a high explosive developed in the weapons program, first identified in 1905, but research into its explosive properties was not fully undertaken until the 1980s, used by the us army in munitions. For the purposes of this book an explosive will be taken to mean a substance or mixture of substances which is in itself capable 1 of producing a quantity of gas under high pressure and 2 of being. Nonexplosive release mechanism model name ultimate load source shock. Ammonium nitrate important products were 1 lowdensity ammonia dynamites and 2 semigelatins. Nitrobutane, for instance, burns but does not readily explode. The initiation threshold sensitivity of hns versus explosive grain size has been measured, using an electric gun, with two flyer thicknesses.
Explosive atmospheres classification of hazardous areas. Information regarding the chemical identity of rdx is located in table 41. Nonexplosive definition of nonexplosive by the free dictionary. Cl20 is a synthetic explosive, with a performance approximately 20% higher than standard explosives. Work on this type of explosive can be performed in either our laboratory 2 us gallons or pilot plant 10 us gallons planetary type mixers and ancillary equipment to mix and cast pbx formulations under vacuum for conventional batch type processing as well as in a bicomponent processing equipment based on a static mixer. Rdx is a nitramine produced mainly for use in explosives hsdb 2009. Recordkeeping requirements for dealers of explosive.